Marine Bacteria for Biofertilizers

The fertilizer industry is growing with time and demand. The production of most used nitrogenous fertilizer utilizes methane supplies and sums up to 3% of worldwide greenhouse emissions. Chemical fertilizers have created a large number of environmental dead zones with low oxygens where life forms cannot grow. With a decline in soil quality, the yield of crops go and have gone from minimum to none. Stress caused by abiotic and biotic factors is the constraint that needs to be overcome as it affects the productivity of the crops. Improvement of crop growth under stress depends on unexplored tools of nature. One of such tools is microbe, which are still unexplored and found in enormous quantity. Microbes that produce a variety of metabolites either stimulate the nutrient formation or increase the uptake of nutrients in plants it is symbiotically associated with. The term microbial biofertilizers is associated with the formulations of sufficient densities of strains in active or inactive form of microorganisms, that can be used in rhizospheres for plant growth. The microbes used can be either a single strain or in combination with different specific beneficial effects.