Fundamental Concepts of Smart and Sustainable Operations and Supply Chain Management

Production refers to the process of combining various inputs and immaterial inputs in order to make something for the consumption of customers. Since the beginning of the First Industrial Revolution, emerging technologies have evolved and affected production. The rise of smart manufacturing and sustainability concerns urge companies to integrate smart tools and sustainability indicators into their supply chains. Smart supply chains have the ability to ensure full transparency, collect real-time data, respond quickly to any customer request, and rapidly respond to changes in the market. Companies achieve productive, energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, and flexible supply chains as a result of adapting Industry 4.0 tools and green supply chain practices.