Deep learning with soft attention mechanism for small-scale ground roll attenuation

Ground roll is a type of coherent noise with low frequency, low velocity, and high amplitude, which masks useful signals and decreases the quality of subsequent seismic data processing. It is a challenge for traditional signal processing methods to separate useful signals effectively when the ground roll and useful reflected signals overlap seriously in the low -frequency band. We develop a supervised -learning -based framework with soft attention residual learning mechanisms for suppressing the ground roll noise. To reduce the cost of manual labeling, the 2D patching technique is used to segment large-scale seismic data into a large number of small-scale patches for training. Our network includes a multibranch attention block that uses multiple branches with different kernel sizes to extract waveform features at different scales from input noisy patches. Then, we use the soft attention mechanism to select and fuse the feature maps of different branches. Our network can achieve encouraging ground roll attenuation performance by using a small number of training samples, which is demonstrated by synthetic and field data examples. Compared with one traditional method and two advanced deeplearning frameworks, our network has better abilities in preserving low -frequency useful signals and removing ground roll.