Non-iterative Methods in Inhomogeneous Background Inverse Scattering Imaging Problem Assisted by Swin Transformer Network

A deep learning-assisted inversion method is proposed to solve the inhomogeneous background imaging problem. Three non-iterative methods, namely the distorted-Born (DB) major current coefficients method, the DB modified Born approximation method, and the DB connection method, are introduced to address the inhomogeneous background inverse scattering problem. These methods retain the multiple scattering information by utilizing the major current obtained through singular value decomposition of the Green's function and the scattered field, without resourcing to optimization techniques. As a result, the proposed methods offer improved reconstruction resolution and accuracy for unknown objects embedded in inhomogeneous backgrounds, surpassing the backpropagation scheme (BPS) and Born approximation (BA) method that disregard the multiple scattering effect. To further enhance the resolution and accuracy of the reconstruction, a Shifted-Window (Swin) transformer network is employed for capturing super-resolution information in the images. The attention mechanism incorporated in the shifted window facilitates global interactions between objects, thereby enhancing the performance of the inhomogeneous background imaging algorithm while reducing computational complexity. Moreover, an adaptive training method is proposed to enhance the generalization ability of the network. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is demonstrated through both synthetic data and experimental data. Notably, super-resolution imaging is achieved with quasi real-time speed, indicating promising application potential for the proposed algorithms.