Multi-effect analysis of nanofluid flow in stenosed arteries with variable pressure gradient: analytical study

This study advances the understanding of nanofluid behaviour within stenosed arteries, highlighting the importance of considering multifaceted effects in the modelling process. It investigates the combined impact of pressure gradient variation, heat transfer, chemical reactions, and magnetic field effects on nano-blood flow in stenosed arteries. Unlike previous studies that made the assumption that the pulsatile pressure gradient remains constant during channel narrowing, this novel investigation introduces a variable pressure gradient. This, in turn, significantly impacts several associated parameters. The mathematical model describing nano-blood flow in a horizontally stenosed artery is solved using perturbation techniques. Analytical solutions for key variables, including velocity, temperature, concentration, wall shear stress, flow rate, and pressure gradient, are visually presented for various physical parameter values.