High stability and low noise laser-diode end-pumped Nd: YAG ceramic passively Q-switched laser at 1123 nm based on a Ti₃C₂T _x -PVA saturable absorber

We report a high repetition frequency, high power stability and low laser noise laser-diode (LD) end-pumped Nd: YAG ceramic passively Q-switched laser at 1123 nm based on a Ti3C2Tx-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film as a saturable absorber (SA). A Brewster polarizer (BP) and a birefringent crystal (BC) are incorporated to enable frequency selection and filtering for the passively Q-switched 1123 nm pulsed laser to improve the power stability and reduce the noise. When the pump power is 5.1 W, an average output power of 457.9 mW is obtained, corresponding to a repetition frequency of 1.09 MHz, a pulse width of 56 ns, a spectral line width of 0.65 nm, a power instability of +/- 0.92%, and a laser noise of 0.89%. The successful implementation of the "Ti3C2Tx-PVA film passively Q-switching" combined with "frequency selection and filtering of BP + BC" technology path provides a valuable reference for developing pulsed laser with high repetition frequency, high stability and low noise.