Characterizing the temporal evolution of the high-frequency gravitational wave emission for a core collapse supernova with laser interferometric data: A neural network approach

We present a methodology based on the implementation of a fully connected neural network algorithm to estimate the temporal evolution of the high-frequency gravitational wave emission for a core collapse supernova (CCSN). For this study, we selected a fully connected deep neural network (DNN) regression model because it can learn both linear and nonlinear relationships between the input and output data, it is more appropriate for handling large-dimensional input data, and it offers high performance at a low computational cost. To train the Machine Learning (ML) algorithm, we construct a training dataset using synthetic waveforms, and several CCSN waveforms are used to test the algorithm. We performed a first-order estimation of the high-frequency gravitational wave emission on real interferometric LIGO data from the second half of the third observing run (O3b) with a two detector network (L1 and H1). The relative error associated with the estimate of the slope of the resonant frequency versus time for the GW from CCSN signals is within 13% for the tested candidates included in this study up to different Galactic distances (1.0, 2.3, 3.1, 4.3, 5.4, 7.3, and 10 kpc). This method is, to date, the best estimate of the temporal evolution of the high-frequency emission in real interferometric data. Our methodology of estimation can be used in future studies focused on physical properties of the progenitor. The distances where comparable performances could be achieved for Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer roughly rescale with the noise floor improvements.