Retrospective study of treatment patterns and clinical outcomes by race in patients with triple-class-exposed multiple myeloma treated in a real-world setting

Introduction: Disparities in access to treatment and clinical outcomes are experienced by multiple myeloma (MM) patients from different racial groups.The objective of this study was to describe differences in treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of real-world (RW) triple-class-exposed (TCE) MM patients (i.e., exposed to ≥1 PI, ≥1 IMiD, ≥1 anti-CD38) by race.Methods: Data from two US electronic health record databases (COTA and Flatiron Health) were pooled with duplicate patients removed for this analysis.TCE MM patients initiating a subsequent line of therapy (LOT) (i.e., index LOT) following documentation of exposure to all three classes of drug, who were ≥18 years, and had race information captured within these databases were identified.Patients were categorized as White, Black, Asian, or Other race.Patient and disease characteristics, treatment history and patterns, and clinical outcomes (i.e., response, progression, treatment switch, and death) were described for each racial group using descriptive statistics.Progression-free survival (PFS), time to next treatment (TTNT), and overall survival (OS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier methods.Results: A total of 1,383 patients were identified (White 1,010 (73%); Black 213 (15%); Asian 36 (3%); Other 124 (9%)).Patient characteristics were similar though Other patients were more likely to identify as Hispanic (41% vs 2-8%, p