Response network and regulatory measures of plant-soil-rhizosphere environment to drought stress

The frequency and intensity of droughts have increased in recent decades, and climate change is a major driver of global droughts. Among abiotic stress factors, drought is one of the major threats to agricultural production. In order to further understand the response mechanism of plants to drought stress and the adaption ability of plants to drought stress, this studyretrospectively reviews the plant morphological structure and ultrastructure, photosynthesis, stomatal regulation mechanism, reactive oxygen species metabolism and plant antioxidant protection mechanism, plant osmotic regulation mechanism, plant endogenous hormone regulation mechanism, xylem hydraulic characteristics, carbon-nitrogen metabolism and its source-sink relationship, autophagy defense mechanism and molecular response mechanism against drought stress. Meanwhile, we believe that plant responses to drought stress should also involve the soil and rhizosphere environment. Therefore, the stability of soil aggregates, rhizosphere soil nutrients, plant root exudates, rhizosphere soil enzyme activity, rhizosphere soil microorganisms, soil respiration, soil carbon and nitrogen emissions under drought stress are also reviewed. Finally, this study summarizes the response network of the plant-soil-rhizosphere environment to drought stress,discusses regulatory measures to alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress and proposes future research directions.