Anchor Layout Optimization for Ultrasonic Indoor Positioning Using Swarm Intelligence
2023 13th International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN)(2024)
Abstract
Indoor positioning applications are craving for ever higher precision and
accuracy across the entire coverage zone. Optimal anchor placement and the
deployment of multiple distributed anchor nodes could have a major impact in
this regard. This paper examines the influences of these two difficult to
approach hypotheses by means of a straightforward ultrasonic 3D indoor
positioning system deployed in a real-life scenario via a geometric based
simulation framework. To obtain an optimal anchor placement, a particle swarm
optimization (PSO) algorithm is introduced and consequently performed for
setups ranging from 4 to 10 anchors. In this way, besides the optimal anchor
placement layout, the influence of deploying several distributed anchor nodes
is investigated. In order to theoretically compare the optimization progress, a
system model and Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) are established and the
results are quantified based on the simulation data. With limited anchors, the
placement is crucial to obtain a high precision high reliability (HPHR) indoor
positioning system (IPS), while the addition of anchors, to a lesser extent,
gives a supplementary improvement.
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Key words
Localization,Particle swarm optimization,Simulation,Ultrasonic applications,Acoustics,Cramer Rao bounds
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