Comparison of three nutritional assessment methods associated with the prognostic impact of laryngeal cancer

Background Several studies have found that the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), controlling nutritional status (CONUT), and Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) of patients with laryngeal cancer accurately predict their prognosis. However, there is no consensus regarding the best assessment tool. Therefore, this study aimed to confirm the predictive value of the three nutritional scoring systems for the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer. Methods This study analyzed a cohort of 427 patients with laryngeal cancer who visited our hospital. PNI, CONUT, and GPS were calculated, and the relationship between these indicators and prognosis was examined. Results The optimal cut-off levels for overall survival (OS) of laryngeal cancer patients determined by PNI, CONUT, and GPS were 45, 3, and 0, respectively. When patients were stratified based on these thresholds, OS and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly decreased in the malnutrition group (all three, p < 0.05). The OS rates of patients with laryngeal cancer were significantly affected by the three scores according to multivariate analysis. Conclusions The three scoring methods had a high predictive value for the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer, with GPS having the strongest correlation with the prognosis of laryngeal cancer patients.