The Neuropeptide Y₁ Receptor Ligand-Modified Cell Membrane Promotes Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks for Breast Cancer

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), widely regarded as promising materials for application in catalysis and separation, hold an increasingly significant position in drug delivery systems for their high drug loading capacity. Focused specifically on the rational design of targeting and bioresponsive nanovehicles, a neuropeptide Y1 receptor ligand (Y1L)-modified cell membrane camouflaged bioresponsive ZIF system (Y1L-RBC@ZIF-90@Ce6) was constructed for targeted photodynamic therapy of breast cancer. The biomimetic ZIF-based nanocarrier enhanced tumor accumulation by both neuropeptide Y1 receptor-targeted guidance and long-term stability. Y1L served as a good ligand-mediated selective targeting molecule for breast cancer, and red blood cell membrane-camouflaged nanocomposites displayed favorable biocompatibility. With the dual response of the ZIF to pH and adenosine triphosphate, the stimulus responsive photosensitizer Chlorin e6 delivery system effectively suppressed tumors in vivo. This work offers a platform for developing much safer and more efficient photodynamic therapy for the treatment of Y1R-overexpressed breast cancer.