Peptide-yy Increases Following 12-weeks Of Resistance Exercise Training In Adults With Obesity

Weight loss is recommended for individuals with obesity. Exercise is a common intervention to create an energy deficit and elicit desirable exercise-associated health benefits. Previous work, however, has found conflicting effects of exercise on appetite and energy intake. Additionally, most studies to date have focused on aerobic exercise, with resistance exercise interventions being less well understood. PURPOSE: Determine the effects of Resistance Exercise (REx) on appetite and regulatory appetite hormone control. METHODS: Adults with overweight or obesity participated in 12 weeks of REx consisting of 4 d/week (2 days upper body, 2 days lower body) machine-based strength training. Before and after the intervention hormonal (ghrelin, peptide-YY [PYY], glucagon-like peptide-1[GLP-1]) appetite responses to a test meal were evaluated. RESULTS: 23 adults with overweight/obesity (Age: 40.1 ± 2.3 years; BMI: 31.8 0.65 kg/m2; 80% female) participated in this intervention. There were no changes in body weight (pre: 88.8 ± 2.1 kg; 87.9 ± 2.3 kg; p = 0.10), percent body fat (pre: 43.1 ± 1.4%; post: 43.1 ± 1.3%; p = 0.20), or lean body mass (pre: 47.4 ± 1.5 kg; post: 47.4 ± 1.5 kg; p = 0.06). PYY, a satiety-associated hormone, increased following 12 weeks of REx in response to a test meal (AUC pre: 16549.7 ± 718.9 pg/mL; post: 17191.8 ± 717.8 pg/mL; p < 0.01). GLP-1, another satiety-associated hormone, increased but did not reach statistical significance (GLP-1 AUC pre: 1612.6 ± 471.7 pmol/L; post: 1893.1 ± 650.0 pmol/L; p = 0.11). Ghrelin, an orexigenic hormone, showed no change (Ghrelin AUC pre: 136780.3 ± 11510.3 pg/mL; post: 134175.0 ± 11567.1 pg/mL; p = 0.56). No changes in subjective appetite ratings of hunger, satiety, and prospective food consumption or ad-libitum energy intake during the test meal were observed (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest chronic REx was associated with increased PYY, a marker of physiological satiety. Longer term studies, including randomized controlled trials with a control group, as well as investigations of complementary diet and exercise interventions are needed to better understand the effects and therapeutic benefits of REx in obesity medicine. Supported by R21 DK115200, TL1TR002540