Decorated bacteria-cellulose meta-skin kirigami

Abstract Cellulose, as a component of green plants, becomes attractive for fabricating biocompatible flexible functional devices but plagued by hydrophilic properties which make it easily break down in water by poor mechanical stability. Here we report a class of SiO 2 -nanoparticle-decorated bacteria-cellulose meta-skin with a superior stability in water, excellent machining property, ultrathin thickness, and bacteria repairing capacity. We further develop the methodology of meta-skin kirigami that can generate intricate patterns of ~10 μm precision. Benefited from the ultrasound insulation of the surface Cassie-Baxter states, we utilize the meta-skin kirigami to design and fabricate ultrathin (~ 20 μm) and super-light (< 20 mg) chip-scale devices, such as nonlocal holographic meta-lens and the 3D imaging meta-lens, realizing complicated acoustic holograms and high-resolution 3D ultrasound imaging in the far field. The cellulose-based meta-skin kirigami opens the way for exploiting flexible and bio-degradable soft metamaterial devices with functionality customization and key applications in advanced biomedical engineering technologies.