Global real-life analysis of survival and usage of therapies in multiple myeloma

Abstract Background: Survival in multiple myeloma has improved significantly in recent years, especially in young patients. This is due to the introduction of new drugs with new mechanisms of action . We reviewed the evolution of the survival of patients with MM between 1999 and 2020 at our 12 de Octubre Hospitalinstitution. Then, to confirm our results, we used data from TriNetx, a global health research platform that includes patients from Europe and US. Methods: Using the H120 cohort, with 703 patients, we compared survival time since MM diagnosis in three groups based on age at MM diagnosis over three time periods. Comparator cohorts included 62,572 patients from US Collaborative Network and 6,377 patients from EMEA Collaborative Network. Finally, we analysed differences in the patterns of treatment between networks across the world. Kaplan‒Meier analysis was used to estimate survival probabilities,and between-group differences were tested using the log-rank test and hazard ratio. Results: For patients from H12O, the median OS was 35.61 (28.38-42.84, 95% CI), 55.59 (40.20-70.98, 95%) and 68.67 (54.92-82.42, 95%) months for the 1999-2009, 2010-2014 and 2015-2020 cohorts, respectively (p=0.0001). Among all patients included in the EMEA network, the median OS was 20.32 months vs. 34.75 months from 1999-2009 vs. 2010-2014. The median OS from the 2010-2014 vs. 2015-2020 time cohorts was 34.75 months vs. 54.43 months, respectively. In relation to the US cohort, the median OS from before 2010 vs. 2010-2014 wasnot reached in either time cohort and neither when comparing the 2010-2014 vs. 2015-2019 time cohorts. Bortezomib is the most commonly used drug in the EMEA cohort, while lenalidomide is the most commonly used drug in the US cohort. Conclusions: This large-scale study based on real-world data confirms the previous finding that MM patients have increased their survival in the last two decades.