Study of Association of CAPN 10 Gene’s Polymorphism SNP19 with Type 2 Diabetes in Ethnic Group of Atacora District, Republic of Benin

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes (DNID) is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the link between the polymorphism SNP19 of the calpaine 10 gene (CAPN 10) and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes in diabetic patients monitored at the Departmental Hospital Centre (CHD) of Atacora, in Benin. A total of 200 patients with diabetes were included in the study, 121 women and 79 men. The determination of the glycemic parameter after a follow-up period of at least 1 year allowed these patients to be classified into two groups: the normal blood glucose group and those with a blood glucose level greater than 1 g/L. All subjects were analyzed for SNP 19 polymorphism in the CAPN10 gene using the PCR method. Lipid measurements were also performed on each patient by enzymatic method. The results of our study show that there is a difference in genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and that allele 1 of the CAPN10 gene is a risk factor in the Ditamari population. BMI and education were correlated with glycemic status.