ПАРАМЕТРИ, ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ І ФАКТОРИ, ЩО ВПЛИВАЮТЬ НА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ТА НАДІЙНІСТЬ РОБОТИ ФОТОЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ ПЕРЕТВОРЮВАЧІВ У СКЛАДІ ЕЛЕКТРОЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ СИСТЕМ

The main goal of energy development for the period up to 2035 is to ensure energy security and the transition to energy efficient and energy-saving use and consumption of energy resources with the introduction of innovative technologies. Photovoltaic converters in power systems can be exposed to weathering and physics, which will reduce efficiency or interfere with normal operation. One of the possible effects is shading of photovoltaic panels. The choice of components for the construction of a photovoltaic system should combine reliability, ease of operation and reasonable price. Considerable attention is paid to the issue of providing autonomous, highly efficient and reliable electricity generation by electric power systems based on photoelectric converters. The publications consider the components of autonomous power systems based on photovoltaic converters, in particular, batteries and photovoltaic panels. Some parameters and characteristics of these elements are analyzed, but not enough attention is paid to the selection and generalization of factors that affect the efficiency and reliability of such systems. The aim of the article is to consider photovoltaic converters, their parameters and characteristics, as well as the main factors influencing the efficiency and reliability of their operation in power systems. According to the considered factors of influence, it is possible to state that overheating is the most critical. To prevent overheating, it is necessary to ensure sufficient heat dissipation (increase the size of the junction box for better heat dissipation to the outside). In addition, you should use diodes with a lower leakage current. They will have a higher direct voltage drop and power dissipation, so the p-n junction temperature at shutdown will be higher, but the overall effect will be positive. This approach allows the diode to remain in working condition at a higher temperature.