МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ВОЕННО- МОРСКОГО ФЛОТА В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМОВ ГЕНОВ β1- И β2-АДРЕНОРЕЦЕПТОРОВ

The aim of the study was to identify genetically caused structural and functional features of the cardiovascular system in different groups of Navy and differentiate them from the influence of certain professional factors. Materials and methods. We examined 76 naval officer, study group consisted of 33 divers, the control group — 43 professional Navy, not exposed to hyperbaric. It was used count, biochemical blood tests, ECG, bicycle ergometry, echocardiography, volume sphygmography, ECG monitoring to assess the state of their cardiovascular system. As a result, it has been allocated 176 quantitative indicators, which assessed changes depending on β1- and β2-adrenoceptor polymorphisms. Results . T he incidence of β2- and β2-adrenoceptor polymorphisms did not differ between the study and control groups. Indicators of electrophysiological functioning of the heart, central and peripheral hemodynamics were not significantly different in carriers of different genotypes of β1- and β2-adrenoceptor polymorphisms. According to the group analysis of variance the significant association of haplotypes β1- and β2-adrenoceptor with unidirectional changes in the group of indicators characterizing the cardiovascular system was revealed. Conclusion. Haplotypes β1- and β2-adrenoceptor were more significant in the identification due to changes in the cardiovascular system. For carriers of the gene β1- adrenoceptor the most favorable haplotype is Arg389Arg-Ser49Gly, which is associated with positive effects on the cardiovascular system, manifesting strengthening of parasympathetic regulation of the heart rate, reduction in stiffness of the arterial wall and prevention of myocardial remodeling. For carriers of the gene β2-adrenoceptor favorable haplotypes have been identified.