Progress in targeted genome editing technologies

Genome editing is a novel technology based on precise genome-targeting modification to enable systematic reverse engineering of causal genetic variation.A set of gene editing techniques,zinc finger nucleases,transcription activator-like effector nucleases and bacterial CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas adaptive immunity system,have been used to cleave the double-strand DNA at specific site,followed by endogenous DNA repair.These techniques,therefore,make precise changes to the DNA of living cell by,for example,knocking out a gene,correcting a genetic mutation or replacing DNA fragment at the specific site.The new progress in targeted genome editing technologies was discussed in this paper.