Role of Haptoglobin in Protection from the Toxic Effects of Extracellular Hemoglobin in Various Pathologies

The review presents modern domestic and foreign published data on the blood plasma protein haptoglobin, its structure, synthesis, function, and interaction with hemoglobin. The ability of haptoglobin in interaction with hemoglobin to reduce the toxic effect of the latter is shown. Clinical studies of such interaction in various pathological conditions such as diabetes mellitus, sickle cell anemia, malaria, and sepsis are described. It is noted that the development of new haptoglobin derivatives can contribute to the prevention of hemoglobin toxicity in hemolytic diseases.