Recent advances and prospects in naringin nanocarrier drug delivery system for cancer management

Cancer is a public health concern that is fatal in various countries worldwide. The chemotherapy drugs used to treat multiple types of cancer are 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, paclitaxel, cisplatin, etoposide, gemcitabine, and doxorubicin. However, several drugs exhibit nonspecific systemic toxicities, hampering their treatment efficacy. Phytomedicine is a modern and oldest medicinal system, one of the most promising approaches in various fields. Naringin is a natural plant-based phytoconstituent. In combination with different anticancer drugs, it has been shown to be an effective remedy for lung, breast, colon, liver, and osteosarcoma. However, Naringin has poor solubility and low bioavailability, so there is a need for a more advanced, more effective, and newer delivery system. Nanotechnology has become an emerging trend in medicine as it offers innovative ways to treat cancer. This review focuses on other nanocarrier delivery systems such as graphene nanosheets, zinc oxide nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, mixed polymeric micelles, gold nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, polymeric micelles, PMMA nanoparticles, gold nanoclusters, as well as combination strategies for the delivery of naringin in the treatment of cancer. In addition to reducing side effects, concurrent and co-encapsulation delivery of naringin and other anticancer agents, may potentiate drug effects on cancerous tissues.