Economic evaluation for 5G planning of distribution network considering transmission loss and vulnerability

Aiming at the difficulty of existing 4G networks to meet distribution network services, and the unclear economics of 5G in distribution network applications, an evaluation method of 5G communication planning economics for distribution networks considering the path loss model and comprehensive node vulnerability is proposed. Firstly, the exact coverage radius of 5G base stations is solved according to the signal transmission path loss model, and the objective function for solving the number and location of communication base stations in the distribution network is established. Secondly, a comprehensive communication node vulnerability evaluation model is established to judge whether each communication node meets the node vulnerability requirements under different communication modes, and to improve the communication reliability by installing additional fiber optic or micro base stations for nodes with too much vulnerability. Meanwhile, a comprehensive cost model for communication planning is established. Finally, the distribution network communication planning economic evaluation model is established. To verify the effectiveness of the method in this paper, the IEEE-123 topology model is used as an example to compare the economic evaluation of 5G and 4G in three scenarios: main urban areas, county town and township, respectively. According to the simulation results, using 5G communication in the distribution network reduces the total investment, operation and maintenance costs of the main urban area by 1.64 million yuan compared to 4G within 10 years. The total investment and maintenance cost of 5G in the county town for 10 years decreased by 2.16 million yuan compared to 4G. The cost of 5G in the township scenario is reduced by 860,000 yuan compared to 4G. According to the results of the comprehensive economic comparison, the comprehensive economic performance of 5G in the three scenarios is lower than that of 4G in the first few years due to the investment cost. In comparison, the comprehensive economic performance of 5G is better than that of 4G in the subsequent time due to the unique obtainable benefits of 5G, which concludes that 5G is better than that of 4G communication in all cases.