Natural and designer cellulosomes: A potential tool for enhancing microbial additive-mediated lignocellulosic agricultural waste composting

Lignocellulosic agricultural waste composting is a cost-effective approach for remedying such waste. The complex, recalcitrant nature of lignocellulosic agricultural waste hinders its biodegradation. Composting demands minimal pretreatment, and its biodegradation can be enhanced by using microbial additives. Appropriate inoculation strategies can increase composting efficiency. Cellulosome-equipped microbes degrade lignocellulose better than free enzyme systems in conventional microbial additives. Cellulose-mediated degradation can be further improved by using synthetic and computational biology approaches. Designer cellulosomes with tailored enzymes and enhanced capabilities for lignocellulolysis are potentially applicable in composting. From a future perspective, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning could provide a platform for predicting, designing, optimising, and analyzing the vast data generated in designer cellulosome research. Leveraging these technologies can accelerate the practical implementation of designer cellulosomes in composting, facilitating their wider adoption.