Aluminosilicate Based Solid Acid Catalyst: Effect of Calcination Time, OH/Al Ratio and Keggin Ion Concentration on its Preparation

The synthesis of acid-activated Al2O3-pillared bentonite as a solid acid catalyst has been completed. The pillarization process was carried out using the varying pf calcination time, mole OH/Al ratio, and mmol of Keggin/bentonite to determine the optimum total acidity. The higher the calcination time, (OH/Al) ratio, and suspension concentration, the greater the acidity of ​​the Al2O3-pillared bentonite. The optimum conditions were achieved at a calcination time of 20 minutes, a mol of (OH/Al) ratio of 2.2, and Keggin/bentonite of 10 mmol with a total acidity of 11.76 mmol gram ammonia and 2.44 mmol/gram pyridine. The pillared bentonite had a surface area of ​​154.64 m2/g and a pore diameter of 3.38 nm. The pillaring process was successfully increasing the basal spacing of natural bentonite from 14.77 to 17.78.