Subdural osteoma in an adolescent patient with epilepsy: an unusual case report and literature review

Subdural osteoma (SO) is a rarely reported benign tumor, and there is no report of SO manifested with epileptic seizures. We aim to further the understanding of SO-related epilepsy. Here, we report a meaningful case of epilepsy secondary to SO. A systematic review of the literature about SO using the electronic database PubMed and Web of science up to December 2022 was conducted. A 15-year-old girl presented with epileptic seizures for 8 years. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an irregular lesion with heterogeneous signal in the right frontal convexity. Right frontal craniotomy was performed to remove the lesion. The pathological diagnosis was SO. Histological analysis revealed that the mechanosensitive ion channels Piezo 1/2 were upregulated in the brain tissue compressed by the osteoma, compared with the levels in the osteoma-free region. Seizure freedom was obtained during the 6-month follow-up after the surgery. We identified 24 cases of SO in 23 articles. With our case, a total of 25 cases with 32 SOs was included. Of 25 cases, 24 are adults, and 1 is a child. Seizure has been reported only in our case. Frontal osteoma was found in 76