Analytical and computational analysis of a wearable impedance sensor for wireless measurements of analytes in bodily fluids

In this paper, we present mathematical and computational analysis of a wearable impedance sensor that can be used for wireless measurement of analytes in bodily fluids. This sensor consists of an interdigitated electrode capacitor as the sensing element and a loop inductor as the antenna. The sensor's resonance frequency was used to evaluate its response during different measurement conditions for mathematical analysis. Computational simulations of the sensor were also performed and the acquired values were compared with the analytical results, which were accurate within 10.8%. Experimental measurements of PfHRP2, a pathogen-specific protein biomarker, spiked in PBS were performed using a wireless impedance sensor prototype, which matched closely with the simulation results. These results demonstrate that the presented mathematical and computational analyses can accurately predict the response of the wireless impedance sensor, making them useful tools for designing wireless impedance sensors for wearable biosensing applications.