Risk factor analysis for infection and bleeding after lateral decubitus percutaneous nephrolithotomy

This study aimed to explore the risk factors for infection and bleeding after lateral decubitus percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedures to prevent their occurrence and improve surgical outcomes. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 356 patients who underwent lateral decubitus percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the treatment of kidney stones and upper ureteral stones from January 2015 to August 2022. Among them, 290 patients had complete clinical data. General clinical data, perioperative data, and stone characteristics were collected for each patient. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for infection and bleeding after lateral decubitus percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The postoperative infection rate after lateral decubitus percutaneous nephrolithotomy was 19.31%, and the postoperative bleeding rate was 12.07%. Independent risk factors for postoperative infection were multiple stones (P < .001), stone size (P < .001), and stone co-infection (P = .012). Independent risk factors for postoperative bleeding were multiple stones (P = .008) and stone size (P = .014). Multiple stones, stone size, and stone co-infection are independent risk factors for postoperative infection after lateral decubitus percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Multiple stones and stone size are independent risk factors for postoperative bleeding after lateral decubitus percutaneous nephrolithotomy.