Synthetic/virtual Inertia in Renewable Energy Sourced Grid: A Review

Integration of renewable energy sources $(\boldsymbol{RES})$ (i.e., solar or wind power plant) has introduced significant changes in conventional power systems. RESs use power electronic converters at the grid interface and are electrically decoupled from the grid. The reliability and stability of such systems has become significantfactors and requires advanced controllers for their frequency stability. The inertia of the traditional power systems originally depended on the rotating inertia but with the introduction of RESs, the power system's inertia decreased considerably with subsequent consequences. Thus, new approaches such as the use of synthetic or virtual inertia are required to add RESs to the grid. This paper reviews the significance of virtual inertia and suitable control strategies to provide inertia stability under the high penetration of RESs in power systems.