Bioimpedance Spectroscopy System for Glioblastoma Spheroid Growth and Dissociation Characterization

This work presents a novel impedance biological sensor technique for the characterization of spheroid growth and dissociation into single cells. The impedance platform was built on Analog Devices’ AD5933 and was configured to measure unknown impedances by optimizing the sweep parameters between a frequency range of 50 to 25,050 Hz. The device was calibrated with a 470 $\Omega$ resistor and set to a feedback resistance of 470 $\Omega$. Subsequently, the configured biosensor was tested in the characterization of glioblastoma cells. For the first time in the literature, distinct impedimetric differences between single cells and spheroids were observed. This serves as the foundation for a robust platform for use in cell culture, tissue engineering, and single-cell analysis applications.