Impact of nutrition and inflammation indicators on peritoneal dialysis initiation and management

Background The clinical significance of nutrition and inflammation in dialysis patients is well established. This study aimed to evaluate the association between prognosis and indicators of nutrition and inflammation.Methods A total of 253 consecutive patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis (PD) as primary renal replacement therapy at our institute between 2006 and 2021 were included. We retrospectively reviewed the patient's medical charts and obtained their clinical information. Nine nutritional and two inflammatory indicators were assessed. Patient outcomes were investigated, and predictive factors were explored.Results The median age and follow-up period were 65 years and 54 months, respectively. Most nutritional indicators and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels showed a significant correlation with residual renal function. Multivariate analysis revealed that the survival index, nutritional risk index for Japanese hemodialysis patients, and CRP levels were independent indicators of patient survival (P < 0.001, P = 0.034, and P = 0.005, respectively) and cardiovascular disease-free survival (P = 0.009, P = 0.04, and P = 0.017, respectively). Patients with a survival index < 19 and CRP >= 0.5 had a high risk of mortality and cardiovascular death (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0002, respectively).Conclusions Our findings suggest that indicators of nutrition and inflammation play important roles in predicting patient outcomes. Further research is warranted to establish optimal management strategies for patients on PD.