From Liquid to Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries: Fundamental Issues and Recent Developments

Highlights The pursuit of high specific energy and high safety has promoted the transformation of lithium metal batteries from liquid to solid-state systems. In addition to high reactivity and mobile interface, all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) still faces severe inhomogeneity in mechanical and electrochemical properties. The inherent trade-off in ASSLMBs lies between ionic conductivity and electrochemical window, mechanical strength and interface contact adequacy.