Palliative Care for Thai Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Scoping Review

Palliative care is an effective way to alleviate suffering and improve quality of life in older adults with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). The purpose of this scoping review was to identify gaps in available evidence about current and future needs for palliative care in community-residing older adults living in Thailand with advanced chronic kidney dis-ease. Four essential elements (community, education, research, and nursing practice) were found related to older adults with ESKD, their families, and limited graduate pal-liative care education. Results support the need for gradu-ate nursing education to meet the needs of a growing ESKD population in Thailand and other countries, including the United States.