Treatment of Spinal Aneurysmal Bone Cyst with Percutaneous Injection of Hydroxyapatite Osteoconductive Cement

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate treatment efficacy of percutaneous injection of hydroxyapatite-osteoconductive-cement in patients with spinal aneurysmal bone cysts. Materials and Methods The study was designed as a retrospective observational clinical study. We included patients who were diagnosed with of spinal aneurysmal bone cyst, at our institution between 2013 and 2020, and treated with percutaneous injection of osteoconductive cement: “Cerament” ® (BONESUPPORT AB, Lund, Sweden). Typical clinical and radiological features of the ABCs treatment and follow-up were investigated. Results Our study included nine patients, two children and seven adults. Three different types of approaches were applied: (single pedicle approach in 3 patients; double pedicle approach in 2 patients; while in the remaining cases, a multiple access approach was used. VAS score decreased from 8.5 ± 0.5 before treatment to 4.1 ± 0.9 at 6-months-follow up. All of the patients reacted well to treatment, with none neurological complications, complete loss of pain and achieved osteosclerosis as radiological marker of treatment success. Conclusion Treatment of symptomatic spinal ABC’s with hydroxyapatite cement is effective to achieve complete pain reduction and sclerosis. Graphical Abstract