A Multi-Level LoRa Application for Underwood Monitoring

The occurrence of landslides, especially in anthropic areas, brings to notable consequences for both the economy and society. In the years, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) based geotechnical monitoring systems have been gaining relevance for their flexibility. In this paper we propose a LoRa-based WSN for landslide and flood monitoring in the locality of Posta, Italy. The system is composed of several nodes for data retrieving which give information about rockfall and floods risk, sending information through LoRa peer-to-peer packets. The first layer employs a custom data protocol, while the second layer is shifted to the LoRaWAN standard for the information to be sent on the internet. The system uses a mixed protocol multi-hop structure for packet transportation due to the conformation of the installation location and the subsequent radio coverage needs. Data is gathered on a user-friendly interface, exploiting an IoT-based structure. The system has been implemented and tested in the aforementioned locality, providing a reliable safety means for rockfall and floods risks.