Energy Band Alignment in ZnO-Sm₂O₃ Heterostructure for Low Temperature Ceramic Fuel Cells

Energy band alignment in ZnO-Sm2O3 was proposed to design promising electrolyte materials for low temperature ceramic fuel cells. The arrangement of energy bands leads to local electric field at the interface, avoiding short-circuit problems and accelerating ion conduction in ZnO-Sm2O3 electrolyte low temperature ceramic fuel cells. The optimized composite electrolyte 7ZnO-3Sm(2)O(3) fuel cell devices an appreciable maximum power density of 790 mW cm(-2) and stable power density of 125 mW cm(-2) for 40 h at 500 degrees C.