Poly-ABE: A traceable and revocable fully hidden policy CP-ABE scheme for integrated demand response in multi-energy systems

Demand response is a crucial measure in multi-energy systems (MESs) that encourages energy service providers (ESPs) to engage with energy users (EUs). In the energy internet, EUs can match their energy source requirements through integrated demand response (IDR). However, such permissionless retrieval of energy data compromises the privacy of ESPs and exposes the energy consumption data of EUs. To address this, we propose a traceable, revocable fully hidden policy CP-ABE scheme called Poly-ABE for a data-driven IDR model in MESs, which allows registered EUs to request data and ESPs to authorize data decryption. Poly-ABE features fine-grained access policies using a matrix, coupled with hidden vector encryption to fully hide the policies. Matrix policies offer flexible and complex authorization rules with lower cost. Moreover, Poly-ABE constructs a decryption permission binary tree (DPBT) to identify the attribute permissions of EUs. If malicious behavior is detected, the DPBT is used to determine a minimum set of tree nodes to pinpoint malicious nodes. We rigorously demonstrate that Poly-ABE is selectively secure against selective access policy and chosen plaintext attacks. The experimental results substantiate the feasibility of Poly-ABE, highlighting its pre-authentication, traceability, revocation, and update capabilities.