Enhancing quantum teleportation: an enable-based protocol exploiting distributed quantum gates

This article presents an enable-based bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol, leveraging distributed quantum gates with minimal resource requirements. The proposed protocol establishes a two-qubit entangled state as the quantum channel for the transmission of an unknown qubit message between Alice and Bob, enabling bidirectional teleportation. In traditional bidirectional teleportation protocols, both parties serve as senders and receivers, necessitating the utilization of at least two sets of a two-qubit entangled qubit for the channel (totaling four qubits). Contrarily, our contribution controls the functionality of each side via enabling qubits, enabling the implementation of bidirectional teleportation with a mere two-qubit entangled state. Furthermore, the protocol employs simple Z-basis measurements to implement the appropriate unitary operation for obtaining the teleported message. To validate the functionality of the protocol, the quantum circuit is simulated using the Qiskit library, with simulation results on the qasm simulator confirming its effectiveness. The proposed technique possesses wide-ranging applicability and can be incorporated into diverse protocols that employ Toffoli gates as quantum resources.