Factors influencing the performance of optical heterodyne detection system

As a holographic detection method, optical heterodyne detection has excellent advantages over direct detection. This paper presents a modeling method for the performance analysis of heterodyne detection systems, including wavefront distortion. By modeling three factors that lead to wavefront distortion: atmospheric turbulence, rough surface speckle effect, and laser linewidth, the correlation between the distortion degree caused by the three factors and the heterodyne detection signal-to-noise ratio is quantitatively analyzed. An active optical heterodyne detection system of an array detector based on a high-speed camera is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed heuristic search algorithm for phase compensation. Experimental results show that the amplitude of the algorithm is increased by 25.66 times. It can effectively solve the wavefront distortion phase problem caused by the detection target's rough surface.