Catalytic two-dimensional Pd decorated graphene oxide membrane for efficient 4-nitrophenol reduction

Catalytic Pd decorated graphene oxide (Pd/GO) membrane with efficient catalytic activity was developed by in-situ reduction of Pd2+ on GO nanosheets followed by vacuum filtration. A high 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction efficiency was achieved by using the Pd/GO catalytic membrane with layered structure because of evenly distribution of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) in the interlayer space of GO membrane, ensuring sufficient contact between 4-NP molecules and Pd NPs. The apparent kinetic rate constant and turnover frequency (TOF) reached to 138.4 s-1 and 813 h-1 under a continuous-flow system using 4000 mg/L of 4-NP at 20 degrees C. During a 300 min of continuous-flow catalysis, the 4-NP conversion was kept above 98% at 20 degrees C. This high catalytic efficiency of the Pd/GO catalytic membrane under high 4-NP concentration and continuous-flow catalysis made it promising and competitive in the application of catalytic membrane for efficient catalytic process.