Reproducibility of the Elemental Profile of Pinot Noir Wines: A Comparison across Three Vintages

The elemental profiles of Pinot noir wines from 15 vineyard sites in California and Oregon, USA, were evaluated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Forty-four elements were quantified in 2017, 40 elements were quantified in 2018, and 41 elements were quantified in 2019, including 39 elements in all vintages. The differences among the wines related to their geographic origins are shown with principal component analysis because variability due to winemaking was minimized by using a standardized protocol. The comparison of the elemental profiles from these three vintages has been conducted with multiple factor analysis. The elements that showed low variability (<25% coefficient of variation) in the wines across vintages were major elements (Ca, K, Mg, and P), minor elements (B, Fe, Mn, Na, Sr, and Rb), and 13 trace elements. The low variability of elemental concentrations across the three growing seasons analyzed demonstrated reproducibility in the wines produced from those vineyard sites.