First High-Speed Video Camera Observations of a Lightning Flash Associated With a Downward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flash
R. U. Abbasi,M. M. F. Saba,J. W. Belz,P. R. Krehbiel,W. Rison,N. Kieu,D. R. da Silva,M. A. Stanley,Dan Rodeheffer,J. Remington,J. Mazich,R. LeVon,K. Smout,A. Petrizze,T. Abu-Zayyad,M. Allen,R. Arimura,E. Barcikowski,D. R. Bergman,S. A. Blake,I. Buckland,B. G. Cheon,M. Chikawa,T. Fujii,K. Fujisue,K. Fujita,R. Fujiwara,M. Fukushima,G. Furlich,N. Globus,R. Gonzalez,W. Hanlon,N. Hayashida,H. He,K. Hibino,R. Higuchi,K. Honda,D. Ikeda,N. Inoue,T. Ishii,H. Ito,D. Ivanov,H. Iwakura,A. Iwasaki,H. M. Jeong,S. Jeong,C. C. H. Jui,K. Kadota,F. Kakimoto,O. Kalashev,K. Kasahara,S. Kasami,S. Kawakami,K. Kawata,I. Kharuk,E. Kido,H. B. Kim,J. H. Kim,S. W. Kim,Y. Kimura,I. Komae,Y. Kubota,M. Kuznetsov,Y. J. Kwon,K. H. Lee,B. Lubsandorzhiev,J. P. Lundquist,T. Matsuyama,J. N. Matthews,R. Mayta,I. Myers,S. Nagataki,K. Nakai,R. Nakamura,T. Nakamura,A. Nakazawa,E. Nishio,T. Nonaka,S. Ogio,M. Ohnishi,H. Ohoka,Y. Oku,T. Okuda,Y. Omura,M. Ono,A. Oshima,S. Ozawa,I. H. Park,M. Potts,M. S. Pshirkov,D. C. Rodriguez,C. Rott,G. I. Rubtsov,D. Ryu,H. Sagawa,N. Sakaki,T. Sako,N. Sakurai,K. Sato,T. Seki,K. Sekino,P. D. Shah,Y. Shibasaki,N. Shibata,T. Shibata,J. Shikita,H. Shimodaira,B. K. Shin,H. S. Shin,D. Shinto,J. D. Smith,P. Sokolsky,B. T. Stokes,T. A. Stroman,K. Takahashi,M. Takamura,M. Takeda,R. Takeishi,A. Taketa,M. Takita,Y. Tameda,K. Tanaka,M. Tanaka,S. B. Thomas,G. B. Thomson,P. Tinyakov,I. Tkachev,H. Tokuno,T. Tomida,S. Troitsky,R. Tsuda,Y. Tsunesada,S. Udo,T. Uehama,F. Urban,D. Warren,T. Wong,M. Yamamoto,K. Yamazaki,K. Yashiro,F. Yoshida,Y. Zhezher,Z. Zundel
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS（2023）
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摘要
In this paper, we present the first high-speed video observation of a cloud-to-ground lightning flash and its associated downward-directed Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash (TGF). The optical emission of the event was observed by a high-speed video camera running at 40,000 frames per second in conjunction with the Telescope Array Surface Detector, Lightning Mapping Array, interferometer, electric-field fast antenna, and the National Lightning Detection Network. The cloud-to-ground flash associated with the observed TGF was formed by a fast downward leader followed by a very intense return stroke peak current of -154 kA. The TGF occurred while the downward leader was below cloud base, and even when it was halfway in its propagation to ground. The suite of gamma-ray and lightning instruments, timing resolution, and source proximity offer us detailed information and therefore a unique look at the TGF phenomena.
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关键词
lightning,terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes,cosmic ray detectors
