Does Fixation of the Gastric Conduit Reduce the Incidence of Gastric Volvulus After Esophagectomy?

Background Acute volvulus of the gastric conduit is a rare complication after esophagectomy that warrants surgical intervention and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether fixation of the gastric conduit would reduce the incidence of postoperative volvulus following esophagectomy. Methods This single-center retrospective analysis of patients who underwent esophagectomy was conducted to determine the incidence of acute postoperative volvulus following a change in practice. All patients who underwent an esophagectomy from September 2013 to November 2022 were included. We compared postoperative outcomes of gastric conduit volvulus, reoperations, morbidity, and mortality among those who had fixation versus non-fixation of the conduit to the right pleural edge. Results Two hundred and forty-two consecutive patients underwent minimally invasive esophagectomy (81% male, 41% were < 67 years old). The first 121 (50%) patients did not undergo fixation of the gastric conduit, while the subsequent 121 (50%) patients did undergo fixation. Comparing both groups, there were no significant differences in major complications, anastomotic leak, and 30-day and 90-day all-cause mortality. Four (2%) patients developed gastric conduit volvulus in the non-fixation group, requiring reoperative intervention. Following implementation of fixation, no patient experienced gastric volvulus. Conclusion Acute volvulus of the gastric conduit is a rare complication after esophagectomy. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are critical. In this study, although not statistically significant, fixation of the gastric conduit did reduce the number of patients who experienced postoperative volvulus. Additional future studies are needed to validate this technique and the prevention of postoperative acute gastric conduit volvulus among a diverse patient population.