Structural and biological analysis of Zn-Cu based biodegradable alloys for orthopedic application

This study focuses on the structural and biological analysis of Zn-Cu based biodegradable alloys for orthopedic applications. Five samples of Zn-Cu based alloys were prepared using a solid-state method at a temperature of 750 degrees C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that all samples predominantly exhibited the single phase of Cu5Zn8 with minor peaks of Zn,Fe and Mg.SEM/EDX results shows the coral-like structure with grain size of 160 nm in all samples. The electrical conductivity of the alloys was evaluated through a four-probe analysis, and ZnCu0.5Fe0.4 exhibited the highest electric stimulation (1.5 x 108 S/m) can promote bone growth and aid in the healing process. Optical studies of the Zn-Cu based alloys showed absorption peaks in the range of (335-525) nm, with ZnCu0.5Fe0.4 exhibiting the lowest band gap energy (5.25 eV). The biocompatibility of the alloys was assessed through a simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion test, which indicated that all samples demonstrated biocompatible behavior. ZnCu0.5Mg0.4 exhibited the lowest corrosion rate (0.09 mm/year). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of the Cu5Zn8 phase and the formation of hydroxyapatite after in vivo testing in all samples. The electrochemical analysis demonstrated the degradation behavior of all samples, with ZnCu0.5Mg0.4 exhibiting the highest corrosion potential (-0.28 V) and improved corrosion resistance compared to the other alloys.