High temperature vacuum brazing of tungsten to tungsten alloy with structural material

The present paper offers an overview of experimental research on the vacuum brazing procedure used to join tungsten-based refractory materials and tungsten alloy with SS316L (a structural material) at high temperatures. The objective of joining tungsten (W) to tungsten alloy material (WL10) and SS316L materials is to develop a joining technique for fabricating the helium-cooled divertor target relevant to a DEMO-like fusion reactor. These divertor fingers are expected to withstand an incident heat flux of 10 MW/m2 and to be cooled by helium jets in an environment of high pressure (10 MPa) and high-temperature (600 degrees C) helium gas. High-temperature vacuum brazing has been performed at temperatures exceeding 1000 degrees C using selective brazing fillers in the Gleeble Machine-3800 thermo-mechanical simulator to join W (tungsten) to WL10 alloy (tungsten + 1 % Lanthanum oxide). Furthermore, vacuum brazing of multilayer materials, such as W-WL10-SS316L, has been conducted at 1050 degrees C for a 3 min hold time using AMS 4777 filler material in a single run on the Gleeble machine. The brazed specimens have undergone testing for 500 thermal cycles from 950 degrees C to 815 degrees C on the Gleeble-3800 machine to pre-qualify the brazed joints. Non-destructive testing (NDT), including ultrasonic testing (UT), microstructural analysis, and mechanical characterization, is employed to assess the quality of the brazed joints. The study presents the experimental techniques and the results of the characterization.