Travel for abortion care: implications for clinical practice

CURRENT OPINION IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY(2023)

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Purpose of reviewTraveling long distances to obtain abortion care due to restrictions and scarce availability is associated with significant obstacles. We review clinical strategies that can facilitate abortion access and outline considerations to ensure person-centered and equitable care.Establishing a patient's gestational duration prior to travel may be beneficial to ensure they are eligible for their desired abortion method at the preferred facility or to determine if a multiday procedure is required. If a local ultrasound cannot be obtained prior to travel, evidence demonstrates people can generally estimate their gestational duration accurately. If unable to provide care, clinicians should make timely referrals for abortion. Integration of telemedicine into abortion care is safe and well regarded by patients and should be implemented into service delivery where possible to reduce obstacles to care. Routine in-person follow-up care is not necessary. However, for those who want reassurance, formalized pathways to care should be established to ensure people have access to care in their community. To further minimize travel-related burdens, facilities should routinely offer information about funding and practical support, emotional support, and legal resources.There are many opportunities to optimize clinical practice to support those traveling for abortion care.Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:The need for an abortion is a common healthcare experience. Globally, nearly one in three pregnancies end in abortion [1]. Accessing abortion care is commonly associated with logistical, economic, social, and emotional obstacles. These obstacles include arranging leave from work, care for dependents, and transportation; paying out-of-pocket costs for the abortion procedure and any associated travel or dependent care; budgeting around missed wages, taking out loans, borrowing money, or using funds intended for rent or utilities; and involuntarily involving social support to ensure overcoming these logistical and financial hurdles [2,3,4,5]. This process can strain a person's mental health [6]. These barriers are also cited by people who seek but do not obtain abortions--indicating these barriers cannot be overcome by some, forcing them to continue their pregnancy [7]. Overall, accessing abortion is more challenging for people who live on low incomes, have limited social support, possess low health literacy, and have other disadvantages engaging with an inequitable healthcare system, such as language and connectivity barriers [8]. Due to systems of oppression and racism, these are often people with minority identities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and disability, as well as those who are young or immigrants [9].The need to travel for abortion care only exacerbates these barriers to access [2]. People who travel for abortion care are more likely to be from rural communities, require more acute care, and be at more advanced gestations upon presentation for care [10]. Traveling for care is seldom a preference but has become a necessity to access needed healthcare given the numerous politically motivated abortion restrictions [11,12]. Not surprisingly, those living far from facility-based care have a lower probability of having an abortion [13]. After the United States Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs), which overturned the federal right to abortion and gave individual states the power to determine state-level abortion legality [14]. Reports examining how the need to travel for abortion care impacts clinical practice and the individual patient have increased.In this review, we will focus on specific considerations for patients who travel for abortion services. We highlight several important considerations for clinical practice and how evidence-based and person-centered strategies can be implemented in this context. Finally, we will review the role of abortion and practical support funds, social support, and mitigating the fear of criminalization. no caption availableBelow we outline components of care, special considerations, and clinical strategies to address when caring for patients who are traveling to obtain abortion care from a facility or using telemedicine.Purpose of reviewTraveling long distances to obtain abortion care due to restrictions and scarce availability is associated with significant obstacles. We review clinical strategies that can facilitate abortion access and outline considerations to ensure person-centered and equitable care.Establishing a patient's gestational duration prior to travel may be beneficial to ensure they are eligible for their desired abortion method at the preferred facility or to determine if a multiday procedure is required. If a local ultrasound cannot be obtained prior to travel, evidence demonstrates people can generally estimate their gestational duration accurately. If unable to provide care, clinicians should make timely referrals for abortion. Integration of telemedicine into abortion care is safe and well regarded by patients and should be implemented into service delivery where possible to reduce obstacles to care. Routine in-person follow-up care is not necessary. However, for those who want reassurance, formalized pathways to care should be established to ensure people have access to care in their community. To further minimize travel-related burdens, facilities should routinely offer information about funding and practical support, emotional support, and legal resources.There are many opportunities to optimize clinical practice to support those traveling for abortion care.Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:The need for an abortion is a common healthcare experience. Globally, nearly one in three pregnancies end in abortion [1]. Accessing abortion care is commonly associated with logistical, economic, social, and emotional obstacles. These obstacles include arranging leave from work, care for dependents, and transportation; paying out-of-pocket costs for the abortion procedure and any associated travel or dependent care; budgeting around missed wages, taking out loans, borrowing money, or using funds intended for rent or utilities; and involuntarily involving social support to ensure overcoming these logistical and financial hurdles [2,3,4,5]. This process can strain a person's mental health [6]. These barriers are also cited by people who seek but do not obtain abortions--indicating these barriers cannot be overcome by some, forcing them to continue their pregnancy [7]. Overall, accessing abortion is more challenging for people who live on low incomes, have limited social support, possess low health literacy, and have other disadvantages engaging with an inequitable healthcare system, such as language and connectivity barriers [8]. Due to systems of oppression and racism, these are often people with minority identities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and disability, as well as those who are young or immigrants [9].The need to travel for abortion care only exacerbates these barriers to access [2]. People who travel for abortion care are more likely to be from rural communities, require more acute care, and be at more advanced gestations upon presentation for care [10]. Traveling for care is seldom a preference but has become a necessity to access needed healthcare given the numerous politically motivated abortion restrictions [11,12]. Not surprisingly, those living far from facility-based care have a lower probability of having an abortion [13]. After the United States Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs), which overturned the federal right to abortion and gave individual states the power to determine state-level abortion legality [14]. Reports examining how the need to travel for abortion care impacts clinical practice and the individual patient have increased.In this review, we will focus on specific considerations for patients who travel for abortion services. We highlight several important considerations for clinical practice and how evidence-based and person-centered strategies can be implemented in this context. Finally, we will review the role of abortion and practical support funds, social support, and mitigating the fear of criminalization. no caption availableBelow we outline components of care, special considerations, and clinical strategies to address when caring for patients who are traveling to obtain abortion care from a facility or using telemedicine.Purpose of reviewTraveling long distances to obtain abortion care due to restrictions and scarce availability is associated with significant obstacles. We review clinical strategies that can facilitate abortion access and outline considerations to ensure person-centered and equitable care.Establishing a patient's gestational duration prior to travel may be beneficial to ensure they are eligible for their desired abortion method at the preferred facility or to determine if a multiday procedure is required. If a local ultrasound cannot be obtained prior to travel, evidence demonstrates people can generally estimate their gestational duration accurately. If unable to provide care, clinicians should make timely referrals for abortion. Integration of telemedicine into abortion care is safe and well regarded by patients and should be implemented into service delivery where possible to reduce obstacles to care. Routine in-person follow-up care is not necessary. However, for those who want reassurance, formalized pathways to care should be established to ensure people have access to care in their community. To further minimize travel-related burdens, facilities should routinely offer information about funding and practical support, emotional support, and legal resources.There are many opportunities to optimize clinical practice to support those traveling for abortion care.Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:The need for an abortion is a common healthcare experience. Globally, nearly one in three pregnancies end in abortion [1]. Accessing abortion care is commonly associated with logistical, economic, social, and emotional obstacles. These obstacles include arranging leave from work, care for dependents, and transportation; paying out-of-pocket costs for the abortion procedure and any associated travel or dependent care; budgeting around missed wages, taking out loans, borrowing money, or using funds intended for rent or utilities; and involuntarily involving social support to ensure overcoming these logistical and financial hurdles [2,3,4,5]. This process can strain a person's mental health [6]. These barriers are also cited by people who seek but do not obtain abortions--indicating these barriers cannot be overcome by some, forcing them to continue their pregnancy [7]. Overall, accessing abortion is more challenging for people who live on low incomes, have limited social support, possess low health literacy, and have other disadvantages engaging with an inequitable healthcare system, such as language and connectivity barriers [8]. Due to systems of oppression and racism, these are often people with minority identities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and disability, as well as those who are young or immigrants [9].The need to travel for abortion care only exacerbates these barriers to access [2]. People who travel for abortion care are more likely to be from rural communities, require more acute care, and be at more advanced gestations upon presentation for care [10]. Traveling for care is seldom a preference but has become a necessity to access needed healthcare given the numerous politically motivated abortion restrictions [11,12]. Not surprisingly, those living far from facility-based care have a lower probability of having an abortion [13]. After the United States Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs), which overturned the federal right to abortion and gave individual states the power to determine state-level abortion legality [14]. Reports examining how the need to travel for abortion care impacts clinical practice and the individual patient have increased.In this review, we will focus on specific considerations for patients who travel for abortion services. We highlight several important considerations for clinical practice and how evidence-based and person-centered strategies can be implemented in this context. Finally, we will review the role of abortion and practical support funds, social support, and mitigating the fear of criminalization. no caption availableBelow we outline components of care, special considerations, and clinical strategies to address when caring for patients who are traveling to obtain abortion care from a facility or using telemedicine.Purpose of reviewTraveling long distances to obtain abortion care due to restrictions and scarce availability is associated with significant obstacles. We review clinical strategies that can facilitate abortion access and outline considerations to ensure person-centered and equitable care.Establishing a patient's gestational duration prior to travel may be beneficial to ensure they are eligible for their desired abortion method at the preferred facility or to determine if a multiday procedure is required. If a local ultrasound cannot be obtained prior to travel, evidence demonstrates people can generally estimate their gestational duration accurately. If unable to provide care, clinicians should make timely referrals for abortion. Integration of telemedicine into abortion care is safe and well regarded by patients and should be implemented into service delivery where possible to reduce obstacles to care. Routine in-person follow-up care is not necessary. However, for those who want reassurance, formalized pathways to care should be established to ensure people have access to care in their community. To further minimize travel-related burdens, facilities should routinely offer information about funding and practical support, emotional support, and legal resources.There are many opportunities to optimize clinical practice to support those traveling for abortion care.Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:The need for an abortion is a common healthcare experience. Globally, nearly one in three pregnancies end in abortion [1]. Accessing abortion care is commonly associated with logistical, economic, social, and emotional obstacles. These obstacles include arranging leave from work, care for dependents, and transportation; paying out-of-pocket costs for the abortion procedure and any associated travel or dependent care; budgeting around missed wages, taking out loans, borrowing money, or using funds intended for rent or utilities; and involuntarily involving social support to ensure overcoming these logistical and financial hurdles [2,3,4,5]. This process can strain a person's mental health [6]. These barriers are also cited by people who seek but do not obtain abortions--indicating these barriers cannot be overcome by some, forcing them to continue their pregnancy [7]. Overall, accessing abortion is more challenging for people who live on low incomes, have limited social support, possess low health literacy, and have other disadvantages engaging with an inequitable healthcare system, such as language and connectivity barriers [8]. Due to systems of oppression and racism, these are often people with minority identities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and disability, as well as those who are young or immigrants [9].The need to travel for abortion care only exacerbates these barriers to access [2]. People who travel for abortion care are more likely to be from rural communities, require more acute care, and be at more advanced gestations upon presentation for care [10]. Traveling for care is seldom a preference but has become a necessity to access needed healthcare given the numerous politically motivated abortion restrictions [11,12]. Not surprisingly, those living far from facility-based care have a lower probability of having an abortion [13]. After the United States Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs), which overturned the federal right to abortion and gave individual states the power to determine state-level abortion legality [14]. Reports examining how the need to travel for abortion care impacts clinical practice and the individual patient have increased.In this review, we will focus on specific considerations for patients who travel for abortion services. We highlight several important considerations for clinical practice and how evidence-based and person-centered strategies can be implemented in this context. Finally, we will review the role of abortion and practical support funds, social support, and mitigating the fear of criminalization. no caption availableBelow we outline components of care, special considerations, and clinical strategies to address when caring for patients who are traveling to obtain abortion care from a facility or using telemedicine.Purpose of reviewTraveling long distances to obtain abortion care due to restrictions and scarce availability is associated with significant obstacles. We review clinical strategies that can facilitate abortion access and outline considerations to ensure person-centered and equitable care.Establishing a patient's gestational duration prior to travel may be beneficial to ensure they are eligible for their desired abortion method at the preferred facility or to determine if a multiday procedure is required. If a local ultrasound cannot be obtained prior to travel, evidence demonstrates people can generally estimate their gestational duration accurately. If unable to provide care, clinicians should make timely referrals for abortion. Integration of telemedicine into abortion care is safe and well regarded by patients and should be implemented into service delivery where possible to reduce obstacles to care. Routine in-person follow-up care is not necessary. However, for those who want reassurance, formalized pathways to care should be established to ensure people have access to care in their community. To further minimize travel-related burdens, facilities should routinely offer information about funding and practical support, emotional support, and legal resources.There are many opportunities to optimize clinical practice to support those traveling for abortion care.Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:The need for an abortion is a common healthcare experience. Globally, nearly one in three pregnancies end in abortion [1]. Accessing abortion care is commonly associated with logistical, economic, social, and emotional obstacles. These obstacles include arranging leave from work, care for dependents, and transportation; paying out-of-pocket costs for the abortion procedure and any associated travel or dependent care; budgeting around missed wages, taking out loans, borrowing money, or using funds intended for rent or utilities; and involuntarily involving social support to ensure overcoming these logistical and financial hurdles [2,3,4,5]. This process can strain a person's mental health [6]. These barriers are also cited by people who seek but do not obtain abortions--indicating these barriers cannot be overcome by some, forcing them to continue their pregnancy [7]. Overall, accessing abortion is more challenging for people who live on low incomes, have limited social support, possess low health literacy, and have other disadvantages engaging with an inequitable healthcare system, such as language and connectivity barriers [8]. Due to systems of oppression and racism, these are often people with minority identities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and disability, as well as those who are young or immigrants [9].The need to travel for abortion care only exacerbates these barriers to access [2]. People who travel for abortion care are more likely to be from rural communities, require more acute care, and be at more advanced gestations upon presentation for care [10]. Traveling for care is seldom a preference but has become a necessity to access needed healthcare given the numerous politically motivated abortion restrictions [11,12]. Not surprisingly, those living far from facility-based care have a lower probability of having an abortion [13]. After the United States Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs), which overturned the federal right to abortion and gave individual states the power to determine state-level abortion legality [14]. Reports examining how the need to travel for abortion care impacts clinical practice and the individual patient have increased. In this review, we will focus on specific considerations for patients who travel for abortion services. We highlight several important considerations for clinical practice and how evidence-based and person-centered strategies can be implemented in this context. Finally, we will review the role of abortion and practical support funds, social support, and mitigating the fear of criminalization. no caption availableBelow we outline components of care, special considerations, and clinical strategies to address when caring for patients who are traveling to obtain abortion care from a facility or using telemedicine.Purpose of reviewTraveling long distances to obtain abortion care due to restrictions and scarce availability is associated with significant obstacles. We review clinical strategies that can facilitate abortion access and outline considerations to ensure person-centered and equitable care.Establishing a patient's gestational duration prior to travel may be beneficial to ensure they are eligible for their desired abortion method at the preferred facility or to determine if a multiday procedure is required. If a local ultrasound cannot be obtained prior to travel, evidence demonstrates people can generally estimate their gestational duration accurately. If unable to provide care, clinicians should make timely referrals for abortion. Integration of telemedicine into abortion care is safe and well regarded by patients and should be implemented into service delivery where possible to reduce obstacles to care. Routine in-person follow-up care is not necessary. However, for those who want reassurance, formalized pathways to care should be established to ensure people have access to care in their community. To further minimize travel-related burdens, facilities should routinely offer information about funding and practical support, emotional support, and legal resources.There are many opportunities to optimize clinical practice to support those traveling for abortion care.Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:The need for an abortion is a common healthcare experience. Globally, nearly one in three pregnancies end in abortion [1]. Accessing abortion care is commonly associated with logistical, economic, social, and emotional obstacles. These obstacles include arranging leave from work, care for dependents, and transportation; paying out-of-pocket costs for the abortion procedure and any associated travel or dependent care; budgeting around missed wages, taking out loans, borrowing money, or using funds intended for rent or utilities; and involuntarily involving social support to ensure overcoming these logistical and financial hurdles [2,3,4,5]. This process can strain a person's mental health [6]. These barriers are also cited by people who seek but do not obtain abortions--indicating these barriers cannot be overcome by some, forcing them to continue their pregnancy [7]. Overall, accessing abortion is more challenging for people who live on low incomes, have limited social support, possess low health literacy, and have other disadvantages engaging with an inequitable healthcare system, such as language and connectivity barriers [8]. Due to systems of oppression and racism, these are often people with minority identities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and disability, as well as those who are young or immigrants [9].The need to travel for abortion care only exacerbates these barriers to access [2]. People who travel for abortion care are more likely to be from rural communities, require more acute care, and be at more advanced gestations upon presentation for care [10]. Traveling for care is seldom a preference but has become a necessity to access needed healthcare given the numerous politically motivated abortion restrictions [11,12]. Not surprisingly, those living far from facility-based care have a lower probability of having an abortion [13]. After the United States Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs), which overturned the federal right to abortion and gave individual states the power to determine state-level abortion legality [14]. Reports examining how the need to travel for abortion care impacts clinical practice and the individual patient have increased.In this review, we will focus on specific considerations for patients who travel for abortion services. We highlight several important considerations for clinical practice and how evidence-based and person-centered strategies can be implemented in this context. Finally, we will review the role of abortion and practical support funds, social support, and mitigating the fear of criminalization. no caption availableBelow we outline components of care, special considerations, and clinical strategies to address when caring for patients who are traveling to obtain abortion care from a facility or using telemedicine.Purpose of reviewTraveling long distances to obtain abortion care due to restrictions and scarce availability is associated with significant obstacles. We review clinical strategies that can facilitate abortion access and outline considerations to ensure person-centered and equitable care.Establishing a patient's gestational duration prior to travel may be beneficial to ensure they are eligible for their desired abortion method at the preferred facility or to determine if a multiday procedure is required. If a local ultrasound cannot be obtained prior to travel, evidence demonstrates people can generally estimate their gestational duration accurately. If unable to provide care, clinicians should make timely referrals for abortion. Integration of telemedicine into abortion care is safe and well regarded by patients and should be implemented into service delivery where possible to reduce obstacles to care. Routine in-person follow-up care is not necessary. However, for those who want reassurance, formalized pathways to care should be established to ensure people have access to care in their community. To further minimize travel-related burdens, facilities should routinely offer information about funding and practical support, emotional support, and legal resources.There are many opportunities to optimize clinical practice to support those traveling for abortion care.Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:The need for an abortion is a common healthcare experience. Globally, nearly one in three pregnancies end in abortion [1]. Accessing abortion care is commonly associated with logistical, economic, social, and emotional obstacles. These obstacles include arranging leave from work, care for dependents, and transportation; paying out-of-pocket costs for the abortion procedure and any associated travel or dependent care; budgeting around missed wages, taking out loans, borrowing money, or using funds intended for rent or utilities; and involuntarily involving social support to ensure overcoming these logistical and financial hurdles [2,3,4,5]. This process can strain a person's mental health [6]. These barriers are also cited by people who seek but do not obtain abortions--indicating these barriers cannot be overcome by some, forcing them to continue their pregnancy [7]. Overall, accessing abortion is more challenging for people who live on low incomes, have limited social support, possess low health literacy, and have other disadvantages engaging with an inequitable healthcare system, such as language and connectivity barriers [8]. Due to systems of oppression and racism, these are often people with minority identities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and disability, as well as those who are young or immigrants [9].The need to travel for abortion care only exacerbates these barriers to access [2]. People who travel for abortion care are more likely to be from rural communities, require more acute care, and be at more advanced gestations upon presentation for care [10]. Traveling for care is seldom a preference but has become a necessity to access needed healthcare given the numerous politically motivated abortion restrictions [11,12]. Not surprisingly, those living far from facility-based care have a lower probability of having an abortion [13]. After the United States Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs), which overturned the federal right to abortion and gave individual states the power to determine state-level abortion legality [14]. Reports examining how the need to travel for abortion care impacts clinical practice and the individual patient have increased.In this review, we will focus on specific considerations for patients who travel for abortion services. We highlight several important considerations for clinical practice and how evidence-based and person-centered strategies can be implemented in this context. Finally, we will review the role of abortion and practical support funds, social support, and mitigating the fear of criminalization. no caption availableBelow we outline components of care, special considerations, and clinical strategies to address when caring for patients who are traveling to obtain abortion care from a facility or using telemedicine.Purpose of reviewTraveling long distances to obtain abortion care due to restrictions and scarce availability is associated with significant obstacles. We review clinical strategies that can facilitate abortion access and outline considerations to ensure person-centered and equitable care.Establishing a patient's gestational duration prior to travel may be beneficial to ensure they are eligible for their desired abortion method at the preferred facility or to determine if a multiday procedure is required. If a local ultrasound cannot be obtained prior to travel, evidence demonstrates people can generally estimate their gestational duration accurately. If unable to provide care, clinicians should make timely referrals for abortion. Integration of telemedicine into abortion care is safe and well regarded by patients and should be implemented into service delivery where possible to reduce obstacles to care. Routine in-person follow-up care is not necessary. However, for those who want reassurance, formalized pathways to care should be established to ensure people have access to care in their community. To further minimize travel-related burdens, facilities should routinely offer information about funding and practical support, emotional support, and legal resources. There are many opportunities to optimize clinical practice to support those traveling for abortion care.Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:The need for an abortion is a common healthcare experience. Globally, nearly one in three pregnancies end in abortion [1]. Accessing abortion care is commonly associated with logistical, economic, social, and emotional obstacles. These obstacles include arranging leave from work, care for dependents, and transportation; paying out-of-pocket costs for the abortion procedure and any associated travel or dependent care; budgeting around missed wages, taking out loans, borrowing money, or using funds intended for rent or utilities; and involuntarily involving social support to ensure overcoming these logistical and financial hurdles [2,3,4,5]. This process can strain a person's mental health [6]. These barriers are also cited by people who seek but do not obtain abortions--indicating these barriers cannot be overcome by some, forcing them to continue their pregnancy [7]. Overall, accessing abortion is more challenging for people who live on low incomes, have limited social support, possess low health literacy, and have other disadvantages engaging with an inequitable healthcare system, such as language and connectivity barriers [8]. Due to systems of oppression and racism, these are often people with minority identities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and disability, as well as those who are young or immigrants [9].The need to travel for abortion care only exacerbates these barriers to access [2]. People who travel for abortion care are more likely to be from rural communities, require more acute care, and be at more advanced gestations upon presentation for care [10]. Traveling for care is seldom a preference but has become a necessity to access needed healthcare given the numerous politically motivated abortion restrictions [11,12]. Not surprisingly, those living far from facility-based care have a lower probability of having an abortion [13]. After the United States Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs), which overturned the federal right to abortion and gave individual states the power to determine state-level abortion legality [14]. Reports examining how the need to travel for abortion care impacts clinical practice and the individual patient have increased.In this review, we will focus on specific considerations for patients who travel for abortion services. We highlight several important considerations for clinical practice and how evidence-based and person-centered strategies can be implemented in this context. Finally, we will review the role of abortion and practical support funds, social support, and mitigating the fear of criminalization. no caption availableBelow we outline components of care, special considerations, and clinical strategies to address when caring for patients who are traveling to obtain abortion care from a facility or using telemedicine.Purpose of reviewTraveling long distances to obtain abortion care due to restrictions and scarce availability is associated with significant obstacles. We review clinical strategies that can facilitate abortion access and outline considerations to ensure person-centered and equitable care.Establishing a patient's gestational duration prior to travel may be beneficial to ensure they are eligible for their desired abortion method at the preferred facility or to determine if a multiday procedure is required. If a local ultrasound cannot be obtained prior to travel, evidence demonstrates people can generally estimate their gestational duration accurately. If unable to provide care, clinicians should make timely referrals for abortion. Integration of telemedicine into abortion care is safe and well regarded by patients and should be implemented into service delivery where possible to reduce obstacles to care. Routine in-person follow-up care is not necessary. However, for those who want reassurance, formalized pathways to care should be established to ensure people have access to care in their community. To further minimize travel-related burdens, facilities should routinely offer information about funding and practical support, emotional support, and legal resources.There are many opportunities to optimize clinical practice to support those traveling for abortion care.Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, have been highlighted as:The need for an abortion is a common healthcare experience. Globally, nearly one in three pregnancies end in abortion [1]. Accessing abortion care is commonly associated with logistical, economic, social, and emotional obstacles. These obstacles include arranging leave from work, care for dependents, and transportation; paying out-of-pocket costs for the abortion procedure and any associated travel or dependent care; budgeting around missed wages, taking out loans, borrowing money, or using funds intended for rent or utilities; and involuntarily involving social support to ensure overcoming these logistical and financial hurdles [2,3,4,5]. This process can strain a person's mental health [6]. These barriers are also cited by people who seek but do not obtain abortions--indicating these barriers cannot be overcome by some, forcing them to continue their pregnancy [7]. Overall, accessing abortion is more challenging for people who live on low incomes, have limited social support, possess low health literacy, and have other disadvantages engaging with an inequitable healthcare system, such as language and connectivity barriers [8]. Due to systems of oppression and racism, these are often people with minority identities, including race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and disability, as well as those who are young or immigrants [9].The need to travel for abortion care only exacerbates these barriers to access [2]. People who travel for abortion care are more likely to be from rural communities, require more acute care, and be at more advanced gestations upon presentation for care [10]. Traveling for care is seldom a preference but has become a necessity to access needed healthcare given the numerous politically motivated abortion restrictions [11,12]. Not surprisingly, those living far from facility-based care have a lower probability of having an abortion [13]. After the United States Supreme Court decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (Dobbs), which overturned the federal right to abortion and gave individual states the power to determine state-level abortion legality [14]. Reports examining how the need to travel for abortion care impacts clinical practice and the individual patient have increased.In this review, we will focus on specific considerations for patients who travel for abortion services. We highlight several important considerations for clinical practice and how evidence-based and person-centered strategies can be implemented in this context. Finally, we will review the role of abortion and practical support funds, social support, and mitigating the fear of criminalization. no caption availableBelow we outline components of care, special considerations, and clinical strategies to address when caring for patients who are traveling to obtain abortion care from a facility or using telemedicine.
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abortion,follow-up,telemedicine,travel
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