Correlation between cyphose and lordose with the foot support of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the correlation between the thoracic and lumbar Cobb angle and the type of foot, and the parameters of plantar support during gait in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Material and Methods: Sixty adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) were divided into three groups: normal foot (n=20), cavus foot (n=20), and flat foot (n=20). The Cobb angles of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis were evaluated by radiographic examination. The plantar arch was recorded the podoscope and calculated by the ratio between the midfoot and the total foot area. The adolescents performed the march on a 20-meter track, with their feet resting on the pressure platform, totaling an average of 12 steps of the foot (right and left). The variables evaluated were: contact area, peak pressure, and maximum force on the four regions of the feet: hindfoot (medial and lateral), midfoot, and forefoot. Results: There was a positive correlation between the Cobb angle of lumbar lordosis and the arch plantar cavus (r=0.40; p=0.048) and flat (0.25; p=0.004), with no significant correlations for the Cobb angle thoracic (p>0.005). The pressure peak strongly correlated with the cavus plantar arch (r=0.92, p=0.001) in the lateral hindfoot and forefoot region, while the flat foot with the midfoot region. Conclusion: The Cobb lumbar lordosis angle positively correlates with the plantar arch height and the plantar support pattern during gait in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Level of Evidence II; Observational and Cross-Sectional Study.