Surgical outcomes of sinonasal malignancies among endoscopic surgery, open surgery and combined surgery: an 18-year experience

Abstract Objective Sinonasal malignancies are complex neoplasms that necessitate careful surgical management. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of three surgical approaches: endoscopic surgery, open surgery, and a combination of both in treating sinonasal malignancies. Results Among the 59 patients included, there were 31 males and 28 females. The patients were separated into 3 groups: 13 patients underwent an endoscopic approach, 35 patients underwent an open approach, and 11 patients underwent a combined surgery. The 5-year overall survival rate was 50%. The 5-year disease-specific survival was 76%, 47% and 55% (p value = 0.066) for the endoscopic approach, combined surgery and open surgery groups, respectively, with no statistically significant differences among all approaches. The most frequent histotypes were squamous cell carcinoma (37%), salivary gland-type carcinoma (22%), esthesioneuroblastoma (11%), and adenocarcinoma (10%). Patients in the endoscopic approach group had the shortest length of hospital stay, with a statistically significant difference (p value < 0.001). Additionally, the overall 5-year survival in all 59 patients was 50%. The 5-year disease-specific survival was not significantly different among all groups (p value = 0.066), and there were no statistically significant relationships between surgical outcomes and survival when using multivariate regression analysis.