Specific recognition to create nanofunctionalized cells for precise functions

Specific recognition sites exist in cells to bring about encapsulation and consequent enhancements in stability and selectivity. Methods to create nanofunctionalized cells have been developed to heighten the stability of biological cells or endow them with functionality required for special applications. A variety of specific recognition-based strategies have been developed for precisely designing nanofunctionalized cells. In this review, recent studies leading to the development of approaches to fabricate nanofunctionalized cells are presented. The new approaches take advantages of various sites which are either native to cells or can be installed by using various techniques. Included in the group of sites that have been advantageously utilized for creating nanofunctionalized cells are cell surface proteins, oligosaccharides and artificial sites introduced around cells. Relationships between applications and the design of materials for functionalizing cells are also discussed. The investigation demonstrates that nanofunctionalized cells designments based on specific recognition is a promising strategy that will be employed in future complex applications.