Focusing on the tetra-partite synapse in Parkinson's disease research using human patient-derived neurons

Parkinson's disease (PD) was first described as a neurological disease by Dr. James Parkinson in 1817 as a "shaking palsy". Since that time, much more is known about the pathophysiology of PD yet the disease is still uncurable. The hallmark of the disease is often considered Lewy body neural inclusions in the substantia nigra pars compacta and other brain areas, although not all patients have these inclusions.