Instant Hand Redirection in Virtual Reality Through Electrical Muscle Stimulation-Triggered Eye Blinks

In this paper we investigate the use of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) to trigger eye blinks for instant hand redirection in virtual reality (VR). With the rapid development of VR technology and increasing user expectations for realistic experiences, maintaining a seamless match between real and virtual objects becomes crucial for immersive interactions. However, hand movements are fast and sometimes unpredictable, increasing the need for instantaneous redirection. We introduce EMS to the field of hand redirection in VR through precise stimulation of the eyelid muscles. By exploiting the phenomenon of change blindness through natural eye blinks, our novel stimulation model achieves instantaneous, imperceptible hand redirection without the need for eye tracking. We first empirically validate the efficiency of our EMS model in eliciting full eye closure. In a second experiment, we demonstrate the feasibility of using such a technique for seamless instantaneous displacement in VR and its particular impact for hand redirection. Among other factors, our analysis also delves into the under-explored domain of gender influence on hand redirection techniques, revealing significant gender-based performance disparities.